Kafka依赖于zookeeper，所以需要先搭建zookeeper集群。kafka内部自带了zookeeper，所以也可以独立使用。

1、下载kafka

你可以在kafka官网 http://kafka.apache.org/downloads下载到最新的kafka安装包，选择下载二进制版本的tgz文件，根据网络状态可能需要fq

2、解压kafka到指定的位置

tar -zxvf kafka_2.12-1.0.0.tgz -C /apps/

3、Kafka目录介绍

/bin 操作kafka的可执行脚本，还包含windows下脚本
/config 配置文件所在目录
/libs 依赖库目录
/logs 日志数据目录，目录kafka把server端日志分为5种类型，分为:server,request,state，log-cleaner，controller

4、配置信息

kafka配置文件下的文件：

a、【注意：如果没有使用独立搭建的zookeeper集群，就配置该配置】配置zookeeper
1)、编辑zookeeper.properties
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
dataDir=/apps/kafka_data/zookeeper #目录必须存在，不存在就创建
dataLogDir=/apps/kafka_data/log/zookeeper #目录必须存在，不存在就创建
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# disable the per-ip limit on the number of connections since this is a non-production config
maxClientCnxns=100

server.1=192.168.71.101:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.71.102:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.71.103:2888:3888

2)、创建myid文件，在dataDir目录下:/apps/kafka_data/zookeeper,根据配置文件server.1[2|3]，来配置myid的内容
如：server.1下的myid里面的内容为1，依次类推

3)、启动kafka中的zookeeper,所有的服务器都需要启动
./bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties



b、kafka配置文件修改server.properties
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# see kafka.server.KafkaConfig for additional details and defaults

############################# Server Basics #############################

# The id of the broker. This must be set to a unique integer for each broker.
broker.id=1 #这里需要修改，每台服务器指定唯一的id号

############################# Socket Server Settings #############################

# The address the socket server listens on. It will get the value returned from 
# java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName() if not configured.
#   FORMAT:
#     listeners = listener_name://host_name:port
#   EXAMPLE:
#     listeners = PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092
#listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092
listeners=PLAINTEXT://192.168.71.101:9092 #这里配置本机IP和端口

# Hostname and port the broker will advertise to producers and consumers. If not set, 
# it uses the value for "listeners" if configured.  Otherwise, it will use the value
# returned from java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName().
#advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092
advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://192.168.71.101:9092 #这里也配置本机的IP和端口

# Maps listener names to security protocols, the default is for them to be the same. See the config documentation for more details
#listener.security.protocol.map=PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT,SSL:SSL,SASL_PLAINTEXT:SASL_PLAINTEXT,SASL_SSL:SASL_SSL

# The number of threads that the server uses for receiving requests from the network and sending responses to the network
num.network.threads=3

# The number of threads that the server uses for processing requests, which may include disk I/O
num.io.threads=8

# The send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) used by the socket server
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400

# The receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) used by the socket server
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400

# The maximum size of a request that the socket server will accept (protection against OOM)
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600


############################# Log Basics #############################

# A comma seperated list of directories under which to store log files
log.dirs=/apps/kafka_data/kafka-logs  #配置大指定的目录

# The default number of log partitions per topic. More partitions allow greater
# parallelism for consumption, but this will also result in more files across
# the brokers.
num.partitions=1

# The number of threads per data directory to be used for log recovery at startup and flushing at shutdown.
# This value is recommended to be increased for installations with data dirs located in RAID array.
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1

############################# Internal Topic Settings  #############################
# The replication factor for the group metadata internal topics "__consumer_offsets" and "__transaction_state"
# For anything other than development testing, a value greater than 1 is recommended for to ensure availability such as 3.
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1

############################# Log Flush Policy #############################

# Messages are immediately written to the filesystem but by default we only fsync() to sync
# the OS cache lazily. The following configurations control the flush of data to disk.
# There are a few important trade-offs here:
#    1. Durability: Unflushed data may be lost if you are not using replication.
#    2. Latency: Very large flush intervals may lead to latency spikes when the flush does occur as there will be a lot of data to flush.
#    3. Throughput: The flush is generally the most expensive operation, and a small flush interval may lead to exceessive seeks.
# The settings below allow one to configure the flush policy to flush data after a period of time or
# every N messages (or both). This can be done globally and overridden on a per-topic basis.

# The number of messages to accept before forcing a flush of data to disk
#log.flush.interval.messages=10000

# The maximum amount of time a message can sit in a log before we force a flush
#log.flush.interval.ms=1000

############################# Log Retention Policy #############################

# The following configurations control the disposal of log segments. The policy can
# be set to delete segments after a period of time, or after a given size has accumulated.
# A segment will be deleted whenever *either* of these criteria are met. Deletion always happens
# from the end of the log.

# The minimum age of a log file to be eligible for deletion due to age
log.retention.hours=168

# A size-based retention policy for logs. Segments are pruned from the log unless the remaining
# segments drop below log.retention.bytes. Functions independently of log.retention.hours.
#log.retention.bytes=1073741824

# The maximum size of a log segment file. When this size is reached a new log segment will be created.
log.segment.bytes=1073741824

# The interval at which log segments are checked to see if they can be deleted according
# to the retention policies
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000

############################# Zookeeper #############################

# Zookeeper connection string (see zookeeper docs for details).
# This is a comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
# server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002".
# You can also append an optional chroot string to the urls to specify the
# root directory for all kafka znodes.
zookeeper.connect=192.168.71.101:2181,192.168.71.102:2181,192.168.71.103:2181 #这里配置zookeeper的ip和端口

# Timeout in ms for connecting to zookeeper
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000


############################# Group Coordinator Settings #############################

# The following configuration specifies the time, in milliseconds, that the GroupCoordinator will delay the initial consumer rebalance.
# The rebalance will be further delayed by the value of group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms as new members join the group, up to a maximum of max.poll.interval.ms.
# The default value for this is 3 seconds.
# We override this to 0 here as it makes for a better out-of-the-box experience for development and testing.
# However, in production environments the default value of 3 seconds is more suitable as this will help to avoid unnecessary, and potentially expensive, rebalances during application startup.
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0

5、启动kafka，每个节点都需要启动

./bin/kafka-server-start.sh –daemon config/server.properties & 

6、测试

a、创建一个topic

bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper 192.168.71.101:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic test

topic的名字为test
b、查看topic列表

bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper 192.168.71.101:2181

c、开启一个消费者

bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server 192.168.71.101:9092 --topic test --from-beginning

这里启动后没有任何消息，因为还没有生产者发送消息，所以这里不能进行消费

d、开启一个生产者

bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list 192.168.71.101:9092 --topic test

进入后，就直接输入消息数据，然后查看消费者终端，里面就有信息了